【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforVisualSignalsBetweenPersonsontheGroundandinAircraftDuringGroundEmergencies
【原文标准名称】:地面发生紧急情况时地勤人员与飞行器中人员之间可视信号的标准规范
【标准号】:ASTMF1591-1995(2006)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1995
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:F32.02
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:通信设备;地面发生紧急情况时地勤人员与飞行器中人员之间;应急;寻找和解救与难人员;可视通信;实用;飞行器;信号;地面;事故;可视信号
【英文主题词】:aircraft;communications;distress;emergencies;ground;search;signals;visual
【摘要】:Whilemanyofthereasonsforneedingthesignalscontainedinthispracticehavebeenovercomebytechnologydevelopment,situationsstillarisewherevoicecommunicationscannotbeestablishedbetweenaircraftandpersonsonthegroundduringemergencies.Thisisparticularlytrueofpersonsindistress,whotypicallyhavenocommunicationsequipment.Thesesignalscontinuetomeettheneedforcommunications.Mostofthesesignalshavebeenadoptedbyinternationalconvention,theothersbycivilianandmilitaryagenciesoftheUnitedStatesGovernment.Thesignalsdescribedinthispracticeareintendedforuseonlandandcanbemadewithoutspecialequipmentsuchasflaresorcoloredpanels.OthersignalingsystemsaredescribedintheNationalSearchandRescue(SAR)Manual.3Thesignalsarealsousefulinsituationswhereeithercompleteorpartialvoicecommunicationsexist.Whereonlypartialcapabilitiesexist,forexample,agroundunitwithreceive-onlycapability,theaircrewcantransmitvoiceandthegroundcrewcanrespondwiththeappropriatesignal.3.3.1ThesignalsdescribedinSection4,bytheirnature,arenotintendedforreal-timecommunicationswithaircraft.Theycanbeleftunattendedasmessagesforaircrews.Personsontheground(SARorotherwise)canmakeasignalandcontinueonwithoutcontactwiththeaircraft.TheSARpersonnelshouldkeepthisinmindwhenencounteringthesignalsofFig.1.Searchandrescueagenciesutilizingthispracticeshoulddisseminatethesesignalstothepublicaspartoftheirpreventativesearchandrescue(PSAR)efforts.Thesignalshavechangedovertheyearsandanumberofpublicationscontainobsoletesignals.FIG.1Ground-to-AirSignalsDESIG:F159195(Reapproved2006)^TITLE:StandardPracticeforVisualSignalsBetweenPersonsontheGroundandinAircraftDuringGroundEmergencies^SCOPE:1.Scope1.1Thispracticecoversthesignalstobeusedbetweenpersonsonthegroundandinaircraftwhentwo-wayvoicecommunicationscannotbeestablishedduringgroundemergencies.Groundsignalsarelimitedtoland-basedonesthatdonotrequirespecialequipment.Flare,light,panel,andmaritimesignalsarespecificallyexcluded.1.2Thesignalsaredividedintotwocategories:thoseusedbypersonsonthegroundandthoseusedbyaircraft.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:V04
【国际标准分类号】:03_220_50
【页数】:3P.;A4
【正文语种】: